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Item ID | 459738 | |||
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Title | Letter from Moses A. Leavitt to Dr. Joseph Schwartz | |||
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Author | Leavitt, Moses A. |  |
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Document type | Textual Material | |||
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Dates | March 28 1946 | |||
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Date | 3/28/1946 | |||
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China: Subject Matter, Emigration, 1946 | |
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| · Reference Code | NY AR193344 / 4 / 12 / 2 / 489 | ||||
| · Full Reference | Collection: Records of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee of the years 1933 - 1944 - NY AR193344 | Sub Collection: Countries and Regions - NY AR193344 / 4 | Record Group: China - NY AR193344 / 4 / 12 | Series: China: Subject Matter - NY AR193344 / 4 / 12 / 2 | ||||
| · Dates | 1946 | ||||
| · Scope and Content | In March 1941, the U.S. Gov't indicated a readiness to include Shanghai refugees in its immigration quotas. To expedite matters, the JDC transferred Laura Margolis, its representative in Cuba to Shanghai. She arrived in April 1941, but the Consulate issued visas at a snail's pace owing to staff shortages. Quota restrictions and the scarcity of ships in the Far East compounded the difficulties. By Pearl Harbor, some 300 Shanghai refugees had migrated to Palestine, Australia, Canada and Burma with JDC aid. The war cut off all further emigration and it resumed again only in 1946. Between 1946-1953, the JDC aided in the emigration to overseas lands of some 16,000 DP's from China, and they came from Shanghai predominantly. Some 6,700 DP's were admitted to the U.S., and included several hundred persons who were in transit to third countries. The remaining DP's went to Israel, Europe, Australia, Latin America, and Canada. 1946/1,400; 1947/6,700; 1948/3,300; 1949/3,000; 1950/750; 1951/640; 1952/235; Total/16,025. Shipping shortages in the Far East restricted emigration in 1946, but among the first to go were members of the rabbinical groups. In the following year, emigration soared to its post-war peak when the restriction eased, and emigration to the U.S. increased notably. In mid-1947, the U.S. State Dept. agreed to extend to German and Austrian DP's in Shanghai the use of the corporate affidavit which theretofore had been restricted to Europe. That step permitted the immigration of DP's who were otherwise eligible but who lacked relatives or friends in the U.S. who could submit acceptable individual affidavits on their behalf. The arrangement remained in effect until the U.S. closed its Consulate in Shanghai in February 1950, in the aftermath of the Communist takeover. The closing brought emigration to the U.S. from Shanghai to a virtual end. The International Refugee Organization (IRO) reimbursed the JDC, in whole or in part, for transportation costs incurred by it | ||||
| · Scope and Content | on behalf of many refugees. The IRO was created by the UN in 1946, to aid in the repatriation and resettlement of refugees and DPs left in the wake of W.W. II. In time, the IRO replaced existing refugee organizations such as UNRRA and the Intergovernmental Committee for Refugees (IGCR). It was dissolved in Feb. 1952. IRO reimbursements to the JDC covered only a part of the overall emigration expenditures which that agency had incurred. For emigration to Australia, see: Australia, Files 438a-438b. For emigration to Canada, see: Canada, File 455. On the status of emigration from Shanghai, by C. Jordan: 3/16/46, 4/23/46, 7/10/46, 7/27/46, 8/1/46, 9/12/46, 10/29/46, 11/8/46, 11/14/46. Also see: Australia, Files 438a-438b. Correspondence: M.W. Beckelman, W.L. Brand, C.H. Jordan, M.A. Leavitt, R.F. Moses, R. Pilpel, D. Stern, O.E. Stone. | ||||
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Search in Collection | 1933-1944 New York Collection | |||
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Language | English |
Multimedia files Attachments
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Documents\NY_AR3344\33-44_Count_1\AR33-44_Count_12\NY_AR3344_Count_12_00909.pdf |